Life Processes — Class 10 Science MCQ with Answers (2026-27)

Updated 23 August 2026 · checked against the CBSE 2026-27 syllabus

6 objective questions on Life Processes (Class 10 Science — Biology), every one checked against the CBSE 2026-27 syllabus. Pick an option and the correct answer is shown straight away, with your marks running at the top.

Life Processes MCQ questions with answers

1. Which organ acts like‌​ a natural dialysis chamber in the human body?
   1. Heart
   2. Brain
   3. Kidneys
   4. Pancreas

   Answer: c) Kidneys

   Kidneys filter waste and excess water out of the blood while keeping useful substances, which is exactly what a dialysis machine imitates for a patient whose kidneys have failed.

2. Blood transports oxygen and carbon dioxide around the human body. Gases are exchanged between blood and inhaled air in the capillaries of the lungs.
   Which of these will be the immediate effect‌​ if gaseous exchange in the lung capillaries reduces?
   1. Blood will flow in the reverse direction.
   2. Pulmonary veins will receive blood with less oxygen.
   3. The space inside the left and the right atrium will increase.
   4. The pressure of blood inside the capillaries will decrease.

   Answer: b) Pulmonary veins will receive blood with less oxygen.

   Pulmonary veins carry blood away from the lungs to the heart. If less oxygen is picked up in the lung capillaries, that blood is the first to be affected.

3. Pancreas secretes lipase enzyme. Mr. Ayub is suffering from malfunctioning of the pancreas.‌‌ Which of the following will be adversely affected in Mr. Ayub’s body?
   1. Digestion of carbohydrates
   2. Digestion of proteins
   3. Digestion of fats
   4. Digestion of vitamins

   Answer: c) Digestion of fats

   Lipase is the enzyme that digests fats. A pancreas that cannot secrete it leaves fat digestion incomplete.

4. Small hair-like structures line the upper part of the human respiratory tract. They trap dust particles, germs and chemicals that enter the body during breathing.
   Smoking is likely to cause infections in the‌​ respiratory tract. Which statement best explains the fact?
   1. Smoking destroys the hair-like structures.
   2. Smoking causes excessive growth of the hair-like structures.
   3. Smoking stimulates the hair-like structures to release harmful chemicals.
   4. Smoking makes the hair-like structures wet and they fail to trap dust particles.

   Answer: a) Smoking destroys the hair-like structures.

   The respiratory tract is lined with cilia that sweep out dust and microbes. Smoking destroys them, so particles reach the lungs and infections follow.

5. Which row gives the sequence of organs that urine passes‌ through​ after it is formed in the nephron?
   1. Collecting duct → urethra → urinary bladder → ureter
   2. Ureter → urinary bladder → collecting duct → urethra
   3. Collecting duct → ureter → urinary bladder → urethra
   4. Urethra → urinary bladder → collecting duct → ureter

   Answer: c) Collecting duct → ureter → urinary bladder → urethra

   Urine formed in the nephrons drains into collecting ducts, leaves each kidney by the ureter, is stored in the urinary bladder, and finally leaves the body through the urethra.

6. What is the‌ function‌ of cotyledons in a germinating dicot seed?
   1. To form the roots
   2. To provide a protective coat around the embryo
   3. To form the shoot system
   4. To provide nutrients to the embryo

   Answer: d) To provide nutrients to the embryo

   Cotyledons are the seed leaves that store food. Until the seedling can photosynthesise, they supply the growing embryo with nutrients.